Bladder cancer

Active Ingredient: Gemcitabine

Indication for Gemcitabine

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

Gemcitabine is indicated for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic bladder cancer in combination with cisplatin.

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments:

1000 mg/m² on days 1, 8 and 15 of each 28-day cycle

Route of admnistration

Intravenous

Defined daily dose

1 - 1 g per m² of body surface area (BSA)

Dosage regimen

From 1 To 1 g per m² of body surface area (BSA) once every 7 day(s) for 21 day(s)

Detailed description

The recommended dose for gemcitabine is 1000 mg/m², given by 30-minute infusion. The dose should be given on Days 1, 8 and 15 of each 28-day cycle in combination with cisplatin. Cisplatin is given at a recommended dose of 70 mg/m² on Day 1 following gemcitabine or day 2 of each 28-day cycle. This 4-week cycle is then repeated. Dosage reduction with each cycle or within a cycle may be applied based upon the grade of toxicity experienced by the patient.

Monitoring for toxicity and dose modification due to toxicity

Dose modification due to non haematological toxicity

Periodic physical examination and checks of renal and hepatic function should be made to detect non- haematological toxicity. Dosage reduction with each cycle or within a cycle may be applied based upon the grade of toxicity experienced by the patient. In general, for severe (Grade 3 or 4) non-haematological toxicity, except nausea/vomiting, therapy with gemcitabine should be withheld or decreased depending on the judgement of the treating physician. Doses should be withheld until toxicity has resolved in the opinion of the physician.

For cisplatin, carboplatin, and paclitaxel dosage adjustment in combination therapy, please refer to the corresponding Summary of Product Characteristics.

Dose modification due to haematological toxicity

Initiation of a cycle

For all indications, the patient must be monitored before each dose for platelet and granulocyte counts. Patients should have an absolute granulocyte count of at least 1,500 (x 106/l) and platelet count of 100,000 (x 106/l) prior to the initiation of a cycle.

Within a cycle

Dose modifications of gemcitabine within a cycle should be performed according to the following tables:

Dose modification of gemcitabine within a cycle for bladder cancer, NSCLC and pancreatic cancer, given in monotherapy or in combination with cisplatin:

Absolute granulocyte count (x 106/l)Platelet count (x 106/l)Percentage of standard dose of gemcitabine (%)
>1,000 and>100,000100
500-1,000 or50,000-100,00075
<500 or<50,000Omit dose*

* Treatment omitted will not be re-instated within a cycle before the absolute granulocyte count reaches at least 500 (x106/l) and the platelet count reaches 50,000 (x106/l).

Dose modifications due to haematological toxicity in subsequent cycles, for all indications

The gemcitabine dose should be reduced to 75% of the original cycle initiation dose, in the case of the following haematological toxicities:

  • Absolute granulocyte count <500 × 106/l for more than 5 days
  • Absolute granulocyte count <100 × 106/l for more than 3 days
  • Febrile neutropaenia
  • Platelets <25,000 × 106/l
  • Cycle delay of more than 1 week due to toxicity

Dosage considerations

30-minute infusion.

Active ingredient

Gemcitabine

Gemcitabine (dFdC), which is a pyrimidine antimetabolite, is metabolised intracellularly by nucleoside kinase to the active diphosphate (dFdCDP) and triphosphate (dFdCTP) nucleosides. The cytotoxic effect of gemcitabine is due to inhibition of DNA synthesis by two mechanisms of action by dFdCDP and dFdCTP.

Read more about Gemcitabine

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