ATC Group: L03AA Colony stimulating factors

Human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a glycoprotein, which regulates the production and release of neutrophils from the bone marrow. Efbemalenograstim alfa is a recombinant fusion protein containing G-CSF, a 16 amino-acid linker, and the Fc portion of human IgG2. Efbemalenograstim alfa is a sustained duration form of G-CSF due to decreased renal clearance. Efbemalenograstim alfa and other G-CSFs have identical modes of action, causing a marked increase in peripheral blood neutrophil counts within 24 hours, with minor increases in monocytes and/or lymphocytes.

Eflapegrastim-xnst is a recombinant human granulocyte growth factor that binds to G-CSF receptors on myeloid progenitor cells and neutrophils, triggering signaling pathways that control cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and survival. Eflapegrastim-xnst has been shown to elevate neutrophil counts in healthy subjects and in cancer patients.

Filgrastim causes marked increases in peripheral blood neutrophil counts within 24 hours, with minor increases in monocytes.

Lenograstim belongs to the cytokine group of biologically active proteins which regulate cell differentiation and cell growth. Lenograstim induces a marked increase in peripheral blood neutrophil counts within 24 hours of administration.

Lipegfilgrastim is a sustained duration form of filgrastim due to decreased renal clearance. Lipegfilgrastim binds to human the G-CSF receptor like filgrastim and pegfilgrastim. Human G-CSF is a glycoprotein that regulates the production and release of functional neutrophils from the bone marrow.

Pegfilgrastim is a sustained duration form of filgrastim due to decreased renal clearance. Pegfilgrastim and filgrastim have been shown to have identical modes of action, causing a marked increase in peripheral blood neutrophil counts within 24 hours, with minor increases in monocytes and/or lymphocytes.

Sargramostim is a recombinant human GM-CSF. The binding to GM-CSF receptors expressed on the surface of target cells (haematopoietic progenitors and mature immune cells), initiates an intracellular signalling cascade which induces the cellular responses (i.e., division, maturation, activation). GM-CSF is a multilineage factor and, in addition to dose-dependent effects on the myelomonocytic lineage, it can promote the proliferation and maturation of megakaryocytic and erythroid progenitors.