Source: Medicines Authority (MT) Revision Year: 2019 Publisher: Phadisco Ltd., 185 Yiannou Kranidioti Avenue, CY-2234 Latsia, Cyprus Tel.:+357 22715000
Cefaclor is active against the following organisms in vitro:
Alpha and beta haemolyticstreptococci
Staphylococci; including coagulase positive, coagulase negative and penicillinase producing strains
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus pyogenes (group A beta haemolytic streptococci)
Branhamella catarrhalis
Escherichia coli
Proteus mirabilis
Klebsiella species
Haemophilus influenzae, including ampicillin resistant strains.
Cefaclor has no activity against Pseudomonas species or Acinetobacter species.
Methicillin resistant staphylococci and most strains of enterococci (eg, Str. faecalis) are resistant to cefaclor. Cefaclor is not active against most strains of Enterobacter spp, Serratia spp, Morganella morganii, Proteus vulgaris and Providencia rettgeri.
Cefaclor is well absorbed after oral administration to fasting subjects. Total absorption is the same whether the drug is given with or without food; however, when it is taken with food, the peak concentration achieved is 50 75% of that observed when the drug is administered to fasting subjects and generally appears from ¾ to one hour later. Following administration of 250mg, 500mg and 1g doses to fasting subjects, average peak serum levels of approximately 7, 13 and 23 mg/l, respectively, were obtained within 30–60 minutes. Approximately 60–85% of the drug is excreted unchanged in the urine within eight hours, the greater portion being excreted within the first two hours. During the eight hour period, peak urine concentrations following the 250mg, 500mg and 1g doses were approximately 600, 900 and 1,900 mg/l, respectively. The serum half life in normal subjects is 0.6–0.9 hours. In patients with reduced renal function, the serum half life of cefaclor is slightly prolonged. In those with complete absence of renal function, the plasma half life of the intact molecule is 2.3–2.8 hours. Excretion pathways in patients with markedly impaired renal function have not been determined. Haemodialysis shortens the half life by 25 30%.
There are no pre clinical data of relevance to the prescriber which are additional to that already included in other sections of the SPC.
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