Chemical formula: C₈H₁₁NO₂ Molecular mass: 153.178 g/mol PubChem compound: 681
Dopamine interacts in the following cases:
MAO inhibitors potentiate the effect of dopamine and its duration of action. Patients who have been treated with MAO inhibitors prior to administration of dopamine will therefore require a substantially reduced dosage. (The starting dose should be reduced to at least 1/10th of the usual dose).
The cardiac effects of dopamine are antagonised by β-adrenergic blocking agents such as propanolol and metoprolol, and the peripheral vasoconstriction caused by high doses of dopamine is antagonised by α adrenergic blocking agents. Dopamine induced renal and mesenteric vasodilation is not antagonised by either α or β- adrenergic blocking agents, but, in animals, is antagonised by haloperidol or other butrophenones, phenothiazines and opiates.
Tricyclic antidepressants and guanethidine may potentiate the pressor response to dopamine.
Dopamine may increase the effect of diuretic agents.
The ergot alkaloids should be avoided because of the possibility of excessive vasoconstriction.
Administration of IV phenytoin to patients receiving dopamine has resulted in hypotension and bradycardia; some clinicians recommend that phenytoin be used with extreme caution, if at all, in patients receiving dopamine.
When dopamine is used in patients with a history of occlusive vascular disease, particular attention should be paid to the status of blood circulation in the extremities.
Patients with a history of peripheral vascular disease should be closely monitored for any changes in colour or temperature of the skin of the extremities. If change of skin colour or temperature occurs and is thought to be the result of compromised circulation to the extremities, the benefits of continued dopamine infusion should be weighed against the risk of possible necrosis. These changes may be reversed by decreasing the rate or discontinuing the infusion. IV administration of phentolamine mesylate 5-10 mg may reverse the ischaemia.
Animal studies have shown no evidence of teratogenic effects with dopamine. However, the effect of dopamine on the human foetus is unknown. Therefore dopamine should be used in pregnant women only when the expected benefits outweigh the potential risk to the foetus.
It is not known if dopamine is excreted in breast milk, nor is the effect on the infant known.
No data available.
Not applicable in view of the indications for use and the short half-life of the drug.
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