Chemical formula: C₁₉H₂₆I₃N₃O₉ Molecular mass: 821.138 g/mol PubChem compound: 3730
Iohexol interacts in the following cases:
The safety of iohexol for use in human pregnancy has not been established. Teratogenicity studies have been performed in rats and rabbits at doses up to 4 g I/kg and 2.5 g I/kg, respectively. No evidence of harm to the embryo or foetus or of impaired fertility has been demonstrated due to iohexol.
Since whenever possible, radiation exposure should be avoided during pregnancy, the benefits of an X-ray examination, with or without contrast media, should be carefully weighed against the possible risk. Iohexol should not be used in pregnancy unless the benefit outweighs the risk and it is considered essential by the physician.
Approximately 0.5% of the weight adjusted maternal dose is excreted in breast milk during 24 hours after injection of iohexol. Nursing may be continued normally when iodinated contrast media are given to the mother.
It is not advisable to drive a car or use machines during the first 24 hours following intrathecal examination.
Below are listed possible general side effects in relation with radiographic procedures, which include the use of non-ionic monomeric contrast media. For side effects specific to mode of administration, please refer to these specific sections.
Serious reactions as well as fatalities are only seen on very rare occasions.
Hypersensitivity reactions usually present as respiratory or cutaneous symptoms like dyspnoe, rash, erythema, urticaria, pruritus, skin disorder, angioneurotic oedema, laryngeal oedema, bronchospasm or pulmonary oedema. They may appear either immediately after the injection or up to a few days later.
Hypersensitivity reactions may occur irrespectively of the dose and mode of administration and mild symptoms may represent the first signs of a serious anaphylactoid reaction/shock. Administration of the contrast medium must be discontinued immediately and, if necessary, specific therapy instituted via the vascular access. Patients using beta-blockers may present with atypical symptoms of anaphylaxis, which may be misinterpreted as a vagal reaction.
An undesirable effect is said to be:
very frequent if its frequency is ≥10%
common if its frequency is between ≥1% and <10%
uncommon if its frequency is between ≥0.1% and <1%
rare if its frequency is between ≥0.01% and <0.1%
very rare if its frequency is <0.01%
Rare: Hypersensitivity
Not known: Anaphylactoid reaction/shock
Rare: Headache
Very rare: Dysgeusia, Syncope vasovagal
Rare: Bradycardia
Very rare: Hypertension, Hypotension
Uncommon: Nausea
Rare: Vomiting
Very rare: Diarrhoea, Abdominal pain/discomfort
Not known: Salivary gland enlargement
Common: Feeling hot
Rare: Pyrexia
Very rare: Chills
Not known: Iodism
Not known: Transient hypothyroidism
Please first read the section labelled “General”. Below, only undesirable events with frequency during intravascular use of iohexol are described.
The nature of the undesirable effects specifically seen during intraarterial use depends on the site of injection and dose given. Selective arteriographies and other procedures in which the contrast medium reaches a particular organ in high concentrations may be accompanied by complications in that particular organ.
A transient increase in S-creatinine is common after iodinated contrast media, but usually is of no clinical relevance.
Not known: Thyrotoxicosis
Not known: Confusional state
Rare: Dizziness
Very rare: Convulsion, Disturbance in consciousness, Tremor
Not known: Motor dysfunction, Sensory disturbance, Transient contrast induced encephalopathy (including amnesia, hallucination, paralysis, paresis, disorientation, transient speech disorder, aphasia, dysarthria)
Not known: Blindness transient
Not known: Transient hearing loss
Rare: Arrhythmia
Very rare: Myocardial infarction
Not known: Cardiac arrest, Myocardial ischaemia, Ventricular hypokinesia, Spasm of coronary arteries
Very rare: Flushing, Hypertension
Not known: Arterial spasm, Ischaemia, Thrombophlebitis, Thrombosis, Shock
Very rare: Cough, Dyspnoea, Non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
Not known: Bronchospasm, Laryngospasm, Asthma attack
Not known: Pancreatitis aggravated
Not known: Bullous dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Erythema multiforme, Toxic epidermal necrolysis, Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis, Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, Psoriasis flare-up
Not known: Arthralgia
Rare: Renal failure
Common: Feeling hot
Uncommon: Pain
Rare: Asthenic conditions (eg. Malaise, fatigue)
Not known: Injection site reaction
Please first read the section labelled “General”. Below, only undesirable events with frequency during intrathecal use of non-ionic monomer contrast media are described.
Undesirable effects following intrathecal use may be delayed and present some hours or even days after the procedure. The frequency is similar to lumbar puncture alone.
Not known: Confusional state
Very frequent: Headache
Uncommon: Meningitis chemical
Rare: Convulsion, Dizziness
Not known: Electroencephalogram abnormal, Meningism, Motor dysfunction, Paraesthesia, Sensory disturbance
Not known: Blindness transient, Photophobia
Common: Nausea, Vomiting
Rare: Diarrhoea
Rare: Pain in extremity, Neck pain
Not known: Muscle spasms
Not known: Injection site reaction
Headache, nausea, vomiting or dizziness may largely be attributed to pressure loss in the subarachnoid space resulting from leakage at the puncture site. Excessive removal of cerebrospinal fluid should be avoided in order to minimise pressure loss.
Please first read the section labelled “General”. Below, only undesirable events with frequency during use of non-ionic monomeric contrast media in body cavities are described.
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP):
Common: Pancreatitis, Blood amylase increased
Oral use:
Very frequent: Diarrhoea
Common: Nausea, Vomiting
Uncommon: Abdominal pain
Hysterosalpingography (HSG):
Very frequent: Abdominal pain
Arthrography:
Not known: Arthritis
Very frequent: Pain
Herniography:
Not known: Pain
© All content on this website, including data entry, data processing, decision support tools, "RxReasoner" logo and graphics, is the intellectual property of RxReasoner and is protected by copyright laws. Unauthorized reproduction or distribution of any part of this content without explicit written permission from RxReasoner is strictly prohibited. Any third-party content used on this site is acknowledged and utilized under fair use principles.
