Chemical formula: MgSOâ‚„ Molecular mass: 120.368 g/mol PubChem compound: 24083
Magnesium sulfate interacts in the following cases:
When barbiturates, opiates, general anaesthetics, or other CNS depressants are administered concomitantly with magnesium sulfate, dosage of these agents must be carefully adjusted because of the additive central depressant effects.
Non-depolarising muscle relaxants such as tubocurarine are enhanced by parenteral magnesium salts.
Doses must be reduced in renal impairment. Caution must be observed to prevent exceeding the renal excretory capacity. The dosage should not exceed 20g in 48 hours (100ml of a 20% solution or 80mmols of magnesium ions).
Intravenous calcium will antagonise the effects of magnesium.
Magnesium salts should also be administered with caution to those receiving digitalis glycosides.
The neuromuscular blocking effects of parenteral magnesium and aminoglycoside antibacterials may be additive.
Parenteral administration of magnesium salts may enhance the effects of neuromuscular blocking agents.
The muscle stimulating effects of barium toxicity are reduced by magnesium.
Profound hypotension was produced in two women who were given oral nifedipine.
Serum calcium levels should be routinely monitored in patients receiving magnesium sulfate.
Respiratory depression may occur and caution is required in patients with respiratory disease.
Parenteral magnesium should be used with caution in individuals with myasthenia gravis, to prevent an exacerbation of the condition or the precipitation of a myasthenic crisis. A risk-benefit assessment should be performed in individual cases prior to initiation of treatment.
As eclampsia may be life-threatening to mother and baby, magnesium sulfate may be administered in this condition.
Magnesium crosses the placenta and may produce hypotonia, hypoflexia, hypotension. If administered during labour it may cause respiratory depression of the newborn infant. When used in pregnant women, fetal heart rate should be monitored and use within 2 hours of delivery should be avoided.
Safety during breast feeding has not been established. Therefore, as with all drugs, it is not advisable to administer magnesium sulfate during breastfeeding unless considered essential.
There is no information on the effects of magnesium sulfate on fertility.
No or negligible influence.
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