Metoclopramide

Chemical formula: C₁₄H₂₂ClN₃O₂  Molecular mass: 299.796 g/mol  PubChem compound: 4168

Pharmacodynamic properties

The action of metoclopramide is closely associated with parasympathetic nervous control of the upper gastro-intestinal tract where it has the effect of encouraging normal peristaltic action. This provides for a fundamental approach to the control of those conditions where disturbed gastrointestinal motility is a common underlying factor.

Pharmacokinetic properties

Biotransformation

Metoclopramide is metabolised in the liver and the predominant route of elimination of metoclopramide and its metabolites is via the kidney.

Renal impairment

The clearance of metoclopramide is reduced by up to 70% in patients with severe renal impairment, while the plasma elimination half-life is increased (approximately 10 hours for a creatinine clearance of 10-50 mL/minute and 15 hours for a creatinine clearance <10 mL/minute).

Hepatic impairment

In patients with cirrhosis of the liver, accumulation of metoclopramide has been observed, associated with a 50% reduction in plasma clearance.

Preclinical safety data

No additional data.

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