ATC Group: D03AX Other cicatrizants

Becaplermin a recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor (rhPDGF-BB) for topical administration. Becaplermin has biological activity similar to that of endogenous platelet-derived growth factor, which includes promoting the chemotactic recruitment and proliferation of cells involved in wound repair and enhancing the formation of granulation tissue.

Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) is caused by mutation(s) in the COL7A1 gene, which results in reduced or absent levels of biologically active COL7. Upon topical application to the wounds, beremagene geperpavec can transduce both keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Following entry of beremagene geperpavec into the cells, the vector genome is deposited in the nucleus. Once in the nucleus, transcription of the encoded human COL7A1 is initiated. The resulting transcripts allow for production and secretion of COL7 by the cell in its mature form. These COL7 molecules arrange themselves into long, thin bundles that form anchoring fibrils. The anchoring fibrils hold the epidermis and dermis together and are essential for maintaining the integrity of the skin.

Betulin accelerated re-epithelialization in an in vitro wound scratch assay using human primary keratinocytes at the dosage of 1 μg/ml, and in a porcine ex vivo wound healing model at the dosage of 10 µg/ml. The precise mechanism of action of the active substance in wound healing in humans is not known.

In contact with wound exudate cadexomer iodine absorbs fluid, removes exudate, pus and debris from the wound surface. Iodine is physically immobilised within the matrix of the dry cadexomer iodine and is slowly released in an active form during uptake of wound fluid. This mechanism of release provides antibacterial activity both at the wound surface and within the formed gel.

Centella asiatica is a medicinal plant that has been used in folk medicine for hundreds of years as well as in scientifically oriented medicine. The active compounds include pentacyclic triterpenes, mainly asiaticoside, madecassoside, asiatic and madecassic acids. Centella asiatica is effective in improving treatment of small wounds, hypertrophic wounds as well as burns, psoriasis and scleroderma. The mechanism of action involves promoting fibroblast proliferation and increasing the synthesis of collagen and intracellular fibronectin content and also improvement of the tensile strength of newly formed skin as well as inhibiting the inflammatory phase of hypertrophic scars and keloids.

Dexpanthenol is converted in tissues to pantothenic acid, a component of coenzyme A (CoA) that is essential to normal epithelial function, increased fibroblast proliferation and accelerated re-epithelialization in wound healing.

Enoxolone is a pentacyclic triterpenoid aglycone metabolite of glycyrrhizin, which is a product of the plant Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice), with potential expectorant, and gastrokinetic activities. After administration, enoxolone inhibits the metabolism of prostaglandins by both 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD] and prostaglandin reductase 2.

Pantothenic acid is incorporated into co-enzyme A and is involved in metabolic pathways involving acetylation which includes detoxification of drug molecules and biosynthesis of cholesterol, steroid hormones, mucopolysaccharides and acetylcholine. CoA has an essential function in lipid metabolism.