Source: Health Products Regulatory Authority (ZA) Revision Year: 2022 Publisher: Building 9, Parc du Cap, Mispel Street, Bellville, 7530, Customer Care: 080 222 6662
A 18.3 Medicines acting on genito-urinary system (ion exchange preparations)
CITROGRAN effervescent granules have urinary alkalising as well as gastric antacid properties.
Sodium bicarbonate raises the urinary pH, by increasing the excretion of free bicarbonate ions in the urine. The actual dissolution of uric acid stones may be accomplished by maintaining an alkaline urine. Citrates (citric acid and sodium citrate) are metabolised to bicarbonates (see above).
Sodium bicarbonate, citric acid and sodium citrate react chemically to neutralise or buffer existing quantities of gastric hydrochloric acid but have no direct effect on its output. This action results in an increased pH value of stomach contents, thus providing relief of hyperacidity symptoms.
Sodium bicarbonate undergoes renal elimination. The carbon dioxide (CO2) that is formed is eliminated via the lungs.
In the body, citrates are oxidised to form sodium bicarbonate, which is eliminated via the urine. Less than 5% is excreted unchanged.
Tartaric acid is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract but of an ingested dose up to 80% is probably destroyed in the lumen of the intestine by micro-organisms before absorption occurs. Absorbed tartaric acid is excreted unchanged in the urine.
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