Chemical formula: C₅H₅N₅S Molecular mass: 167.192 g/mol PubChem compound: 2723601
Tioguanine interacts in the following cases:
Tioguanine, like other cytotoxic agents is potentially teratogenic.
The use of tioguanine should be avoided whenever possible during pregnancy, particularly during the first trimester. In any individual case the potential hazard to the foetus must be balanced against the expected benefit to the mother.
As with all cytotoxic chemotherapy, adequate contraceptive precautions should be advised when either partner is receiving tioguanine.
There are no reports documenting the presence of tioguanine or its metabolites in maternal milk. It is suggested that mothers receiving tioguanine should not breast feed.
Tioguanine, like other cytotoxic agents is potentially teratogenic.
There have been isolated cases where men, who have received combinations of cytotoxic agents including tioguanine, have fathered children with congenital abnormalities.
None known.
For this product there is a lack of modern clinical documentation which can be used as support for determining the frequency of undesirable effects. Tioguanine is usually one component of combination chemotherapy and consequently it is not possible to ascribe the side effects unequivocally to this drug alone.
The following convention has been utilised for the classification of frequency of undesirable effects: Very common ≥1/10 (≥10%), Common ≥1/100 and <1/10 (≥1% and <10%), Uncommon ≥1/1000 and <1/100 (≥0.1% and <1%), Rare ≥1/10,000 and <1/1000 (≥0.01% and <0.1%), Very rare <1/10,000 (<0.01%).
Very common: Bone marrow failure
Common: Stomatitis, gastrointestinal disorder
Rare: Necrotising colitis
Very common: Venoocclusive liver disease: hyperbilirubinaemia, hepatomegaly, weight increased due to fluid retention and ascites. Portal hypertension: splenomegaly, varices oesophageal and thrombocytopenia. Hepatic enzyme increased, blood alkaline phosphatase increased and gamma glutamyltransferase increased, jaundice, portal fibrosis, nodular regenerative hyperplasia, peliosis hepatitis.
Common: Venoocclusive liver disease in short-term cyclical therapy.
Rare: Hepatic necrosis.
Common: Hyperuricaemia
Common: Hyperuricosuria and urate nephropathy
Not Known: Photosensitivity
a see description of selected adverse reactions
The liver toxicity associated with vascular endothelial damage occurs at a frequency of very common when tioguanine is used in maintenance or similar long term continuous therapy which is not recommended.
Reversal of signs and symptoms of this liver toxicity has been reported upon withdrawal of short term or long term continuous therapy.
Rare: centrilobular hepatic necrosis has been reported in a few cases including patients receiving combination chemotherapy, oral contraceptives, high dose tioguanine and alcohol.
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