Source: Marketing Authorisation Holder Revision Year: 2022 Publisher: Oethmaan Biosims (PTY) Ltd., 207A Sherwood House, Greenacres Office Park, c/o Victory and Rustenburg Roads, Victory Park, Johannesburg 2195
Pharmacological classification: A 20.2 Antimicrobial (chemotherapeutic) agents other than antibiotics.
Metronidazole is active against protozoa including Entamoeba hintolytica. Giardia intestines (Giardia lamblia), and Trichomonas vaginalis. Most obligate anaerobic bacteria, including Bacteroides and Clostridium spp. are sensitive in vitro to metronidazole. Metronidazole is bactericidal.
Metronidazole is active in vitro against most obligate anaerobes, but does not appear to have any clinical relevant activity against facultative anaerobes or obligate aerobes. Minimum inhibitory concentrations for susceptible anaerobic bacteria generally range from 0,1 to 8 pg per ml.
Resistance to metronidazole has been reported and cross-resistance to other nitroimidazoles, such as tinidazole demonstrated.
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