Epinephrine

Also known as: Adrenaline

Active ingredient description

Epinephrine is a direct acting sympathomimetic agent, which exerts effects on both α and β adrenoceptors. It has more pronounced effects on β than on α adrenoceptors, although α effects prevail at high doses. The effects of adrenaline include increased rate and force of cardiac contraction, cutaneous vasoconstriction and broncho-dilatation.

Medicine classification

This medicinal substance has been classified in the anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) classification according to its main therapeutic use as follows:

ATC code
Group title
Classification
Epinephrine
A Alimentary tract and metabolism → A01 Stomatological preparations → A01A Stomatological preparations → A01AD Other agents for local oral treatment
Discover more medicines within A01AD01
Epinephrine
B Blood and blood forming organs → B02 Antihemorrhagics → B02B Vitamin K and other hemostatics → B02BC Local hemostatics
Discover more medicines within B02BC09
Epinephrine
C Cardiovascular system → C01 Cardiac therapy → C01C Cardiac stimulants excl. cardiac glycosides → C01CA Adrenergic and dopaminergic agents
Discover more medicines within C01CA24
Epinephrine
R Respiratory system → R01 Nasal preparations → R01A Decongestants and other nasal preparations for topical use → R01AA Sympathomimetics, plain
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Epinephrine
R Respiratory system → R03 Drugs for obstructive airway diseases → R03A Adrenergics, inhalants → R03AA Alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptor agonists
Discover more medicines within R03AA01
Epinephrine
S Sensory organs → S01 Ophthalmologicals → S01E Antiglaucoma preparations and miotics → S01EA Sympathomimetics in glaucoma therapy
Discover more medicines within S01EA01

Product monographs

Competent medicine agencies globally have authorized commercialization of this active ingredient according to these medication package inserts (MPIs):

Title
Type
Country

Medicines

Epinephrine is the active ingredient of these drugs:

Drug
Countries

Cyprus

Tunisia

South Africa

Canada

Spain

South Africa

Austria Cyprus Estonia France Ireland

United States

Brazil

Austria Canada Finland France Ireland

Australia Austria Canada Estonia Finland

Ecuador

Brazil

Austria Finland France Hong Kong Ireland

Turkey

Mexico

Austria Estonia

United States

Epinephrine is also found within below combination drugs:

ALPHACAINE , ANESFAR , ARDANEST , ARTHEEK , ARTICADENT , ARTIDENTAL , ARTINIBSA , BUPIROP , BUPISEN ADRENALINA , BUPSTESIC COM VASO , CITANEST FORTE , CITOCARTIN , DENTACAINE , DENTOCAINE , ECOCAIN , EPISTAXOL , ESPESTESIN , INIBSACAIN , JETOKAIN , JETOSEL , LIDOFAST , LIGNOSPAN , LIXTRAXEN , LOCANEST-A , MARCAIN ADRENALIN , MARCAINE E , MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE , MARCAINE+ADRENALINE , MAXICAINE , MEGANEST , MEPIADRE , MEPIVALEM AD , MYDRICAINE , NEWCAINA , NOVABUPI , OCTOCAINE , ONKAIN , ORABLOC , POSICAINE , PREDESIC ADRENALINE , PRIMACAINE ADRENALINE , REXOCAINE , SCANDONEST ADRENALINEE , SCANDONEST SPECIAL , SENSORCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE , SEPTANEST , SEPTOCAINE , SOPIRA , SURGICAINE , TOPICAINE , TURBOCAINA , UBISTESIN , ULTRACAIN , ULTRACAINE D-S , ULTRAVER D-S , VIVACAINE , XILONIBSA , XYLANAEST , XYLESTESIN-A , XYLONOR ESPECIAL , XYLOTOX , ZEYCO FD , ZINOCAINE-A , ZORCAINE

Structural formula

Graphic representation of the active ingredient's molecular structure

Chemical formula: C₉H₁₃NO₃
Molecular mass: 183.204 g/mol

3D molecular structure

3D representation of the active ingredient's molecular structure

External identifiers

CAS Substance: 51-42-3
CAS Substance: 51-43-4
CAS Substance: 55-31-2
DrugBank Drug: DB00668
KEGG Drug: D00095
PubChem Compound: 5816
RxNorm Ingredient: 3992
SNOMED-CT Concept: 372575003
Epinephrine (substance)
SNOMED-CT Concept: 387362001
Epinephrine (substance)
SNOMED-CT Concept: 78890004
Epinephrine (substance)
UNII Identifier: YKH834O4BH
EPINEPHRINE