ATC Group: S01EE Prostaglandin analogues

Bimatoprost is a potent ocular hypotensive agent. It is a synthetic prostamide, structurally related to prostaglandin F_2α (PGF_2α), that does not act through any known prostaglandin receptors.

The active substance latanoprost, a prostaglandin F_2α analogue, is a selective prostanoid FP receptor agonist which reduces the intraocular pressure (IOP) by increasing the outflow of aqueous humour. Reduction of the IOP in man starts about three to four hours after administration and maximum effect is reached after eight to twelve hours.

Latanoprostene bunod is thought to lower intraocular pressure by increasing outflow of aqueous humor through both the trabecular meshwork and uveoscleral routes. Intraocular pressure is a major modifiable risk factor for glaucoma progression. Reduction of intraocular pressure reduces risk of glaucomatous visual field loss.

Tafluprost is a fluorinated analogue of prostaglandin F2α. Tafluprost acid, the biologically active metabolite of tafluprost, is a highly potent and selective agonist of the human prostanoid FP receptor.

Travoprost, a prostaglandin F_2α analogue, is a highly selective full agonist which has a high affinity for the prostaglandin FP receptor, and reduces the intraocular pressure by increasing the outflow of aqueous humour via trabecular meshwork and uveoscleral pathways.

Unoprostone is a prostaglandin (F2-alpha) analogue for the management of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. It is believed to reduce elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor, but the exact mechanism is unknown at this time.