KARNIZEP

This brand name is authorized in Hong Kong

Active ingredients

The drug KARNIZEP contains a combination of these active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs):

1 Bromhexine
UNII YC2ZOM3Z8V - BROMHEXINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Bromhexine is an expectorant used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus. Bromhexine is a synthetic derivative of the herbal active ingredient vasicine. It has been shown to increase the proportion of serous bronchial secretion, making it more easily expectorated. It is indicated as “secretolytic therapy in bronchopulmonary diseases associated with abnormal mucus secretion and impaired mucus transport”.

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2 Caffeine
UNII 3G6A5W338E - CAFFEINE

Caffeine is structurally related to the methylxanthines theophylline and theobromine. Caffeine’s main action is as a CNS stimulant.

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3 Chlorphenamine maleate
UNII 3U6IO1965U - CHLORPHENIRAMINE

Chlorphenamine is a potent antihistamine (H1-antagonist). Antihistamines diminish or abolish the actions of histamine in the body by competitive reversible blockade of histamine H1-receptor sites on tissues. Chlorphenamine also has anticholinergic activity.

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4 Lysozyme
UNII 4YRW73H69V - LYSOZYME HYDROCHLORIDE

Lysozyme is a naturally occurring enzyme found in bodily secretions such as tears, saliva, and milk. It functions as an antimicrobial agent by cleaving the peptidoglycan component of bacterial cell walls, which leads to cell death.

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5 Noscapine
UNII 8V32U4AOQU - NOSCAPINE

Noscapine is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid from plants of the poppy family, without painkilling properties. Noscapine is often used as an antitussive medication. Noscapine can increase the effects of centrally sedating substances such as alcohol and hypnotics. Noscapine, and its synthetic derivatives called noscapinoids, are known to interact with microtubules and inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Mechanisms for its antitussive action are unknown, although animal studies have suggested central nervous system as a site of action. Furthermore, noscapine causes apoptosis in many cell types and has potent antitumor activity against solid murine lymphoid tumors (even when the drug was administered orally) and against human breast and bladder tumors implanted in nude mice. Antifibrotic effect of noscapine based on novel mechanism, which it shows through EP2 prostaglandin E2 receptor-mediated activation of protein kinase A.

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6 Paracetamol
UNII 362O9ITL9D - ACETAMINOPHEN

Paracetamol is a medication used to treat pain and fever. It does appear to selectively inhibit COX activities in the brain, which may contribute to its ability to treat fever and pain.

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7 Phenylephrine
UNII 04JA59TNSJ - PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Phenylephrine is a sympathomimetic agent with mainly direct effects on adrenergic receptors. It has predominantly alpha adrenergic activity and is without stimulating effects on the central nervous system. The sympathomimetic effect of phenylephrine produces vasoconstriction which in turn relieves nasal congestion.

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Authorization and marketing

This drug has been assigned below unique identifiers within the countries it is being marketed:

Country Identification scheme Identifier(s)
Country: HK Department of Health Drug Office Identifier(s): 59276

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